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Learning Outcomes: The reader will understand the utility of applying select perturbation parameters and the nonlinear measure of correlation dimension for the characterization of the tremulous voice. Having a hoarse voice is a common symptom, and causes can include inflammatory, environmental.
![tremulous voice tremulous voice](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/PMPpflQz8yE/hqdefault.jpg)
We conclude that these parameters may have utility for the clinical quantification of tremor severity and treatment effects. Percent jitter, percent shimmer, FTRI, Fftr, and correlation dimension values were found to be significantly higher in the tremor group than in the control group. a reduction in vocal extension, a tremulous voice, difficulty in controlling vocal intensity, pain in the region of the shoulder girdle, and a sensation. ATRI was measured as 8.539, while FTRI was measured as 0.886 for this tremulous voice. Percent jitter and percent shimmer were 0.686 and 2.041, respectively. No significant difference was found between the tremor and control groups for ATRI and Fatr. The tremulous voice produced an irregular waveform, indicative of potential pitch period extraction difficulties for linear acoustic analysis. Signals were analyzed via correlation dimension and several parameters from the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP): percent jitter, percent shimmer, amplitude tremor intensity index (ATRI), frequency tremor intensity index (FTRI), amplitude tremor frequency (Fatr), and fundamental frequency tremor frequency (Fftr).
![tremulous voice tremulous voice](https://www.speech-and-language-therapy-stuart-fl.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/voice1.jpeg)
These were compared to signals from 24 subjects with normal voices. Signals were obtained from 25 subjects with diagnoses of either Parkinson's disease or vocal polyps exhibiting vocal tremor. Acoustic analysis may provide a useful means to quantitatively characterize the tremulous voice.